Advanced Topics in Sound

• What is intensity?
• Introduction to Decibels
• Introduction to Signal Levels
• Signal Processing
• Nyquist Sampling
• Sound Pressure Levels and Sound Exposure Levels
• Frequency Weighting of Signal Levels
• What is source level?
• Introduction to Phase
• Ocean Noise Variability and Noise Budgets
• Cylindrical vs. Spherical Spreading
• Propagation from a sound source array in the near field and far field
• How does sound move? Wave Propagation and Huygens’ Principle
• How does sound travel in shallow water?
• Statistical Uncertainty
  • Measurement Errors
  • Natural Variability
  • False Positives and False Negatives
  • Statistical vs. Biological Significance
• How does sound travel in very shallow waters?
• SONAR Equation
  • Sonar Equation Example: Active Sonar
  • Sonar Equation Example: Passive Sonar
• Detection Threshold for Sonar